Translation structures. Central and non-central translation structures

Translation between Linguistic Structures and Shape Structures for Bidirectional Design

Translation initiation: structures, mechanisms and evolution.

Translation, the process of mRNA-encoded protein synthesis, requires a complex apparatus, composed of the ribosome, tRNAs and additional protein factors, including aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. The ribosome provides the platform for proper assembly of mRNA, tRNAs and protein factors and carries the peptidyl-transferase activity. It consists of small and large subunits. The ribosomes are ribonucle...

page translation and stage translation of drama texts

نمایشنامه به پیروی از ماهیت دوگانه اش، کارکردی دوگانه به خود می گیرد، بدین معنا که در هر دو نظام ادبی و تئاتری می تواند کارکردی مختص به خود یابد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش یافتن تفاوت ها میان ترجمه صفحه و ترجمه صحنه است.. پرسش مطرح شده عبارتست از: بر اساس مدل ارائه شده توسط لدوسر (1995)، تفاوت های ترجمه صفحه و ترجمه صحنه در چیست؟ یافته های این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که ترجمه صفحه به نمایشنامه ا...

Modeling with Structures in Statistical Machine Translation

Most statistical machine translation systems employ a word-based alignment model. In this paper we demonstrate that word-based alignment is a major cause of translation errors. We propose a new alignment model based on shallow phrase structures, and the structures can be automatically acquired from parallel corpus. This new model achieved over 10% error reduction for our spoken language transla...

Using F-structures in Machine Translation Evaluation

Despite a growing interest in automatic evaluation methods for Machine Translation (MT) quality, most existing automatic metrics are still limited to surface comparison of translation and reference strings. In this paper we show how Lexical-Functional Grammar (LFG) labelled dependencies obtained from an automatic parse can be used to assess the quality of MT on a deeper linguistic level, giving...